CPR Compression Rate for Adults: What You Need to Know

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on adults, the recommended compression rate is between 100 and 120 compressions per minute. This range has been identified as the optimal pace to maintain effective circulation during cardiac arrest. If compressions are performed at a rate slower than 100 per minute, it may not generate enough blood flow to sustain vital organs. On the other hand, going faster than 120 compressions per minute can prevent the heart's ventricles from filling adequately between compressions, which ultimately reduces the effectiveness of each beat.

Why the 100–120 Compressions Per Minute Range Matters

Medical studies and real-world clinical observations have played a key role in shaping current CPR guidelines. According to the latest recommendations, maintaining a compression rate within this window significantly improves survival outcomes. Alongside rate, rescuers must also focus on achieving the correct depth—between 2 and 2.4 inches (5–6 cm).

The Importance of Compression Depth

In addition to maintaining the proper rhythm, depth is a critical factor in CPR effectiveness. Compressions that are less than 5 cm may not adequately pump blood through the body, which can compromise oxygen delivery to vital organs. Conversely, compressions deeper than 6 cm increase the risk of complications such as rib fractures, sternal injuries, or even more serious issues like hemothorax or pneumothorax.

By combining the right compression rate with the appropriate depth, rescuers can maximize the chances of a positive outcome during adult CPR. Proper training and regular refresher courses are highly recommended to ensure that responders are up to date with current guidelines and techniques.