Can You Perform CPR on an Electric Shock Victim?

Whether or not to perform CPR on someone who has been electrocuted depends entirely on the specific circumstances. Below is a detailed breakdown to help you understand when CPR might be necessary and when it's not required.

Understanding Low-Voltage Incidents

In most household settings, the risk of electrocution typically involves low-voltage currents. In such cases, the exposure is often brief and not strong enough to cause immediate cardiac or respiratory arrest. The person may experience symptoms like tingling, numbness, or mild pain in the affected limb. Once the individual is safely removed from the electrical source, they can usually recover on their own with rest. In these situations, CPR is generally not needed unless the person shows signs of severe distress or unconsciousness.

High-Voltage Scenarios and Emergency Response

On construction sites or in industrial environments, the risk of exposure to high-voltage electricity is significantly greater. Such powerful currents can directly impact the body's respiratory and circulatory systems, potentially causing immediate cessation of breathing and heartbeat. In some cases, the electrical disturbance can lead to ventricular fibrillation — a dangerous and life-threatening heart rhythm. In these critical situations, performing CPR is essential to increase the victim's chances of survival.

Important Safety Precautions

Before administering CPR, it is absolutely crucial to ensure the power source has been completely disconnected. Attempting CPR while the victim is still in contact with electricity can endanger both the rescuer and the victim. Once the area is safe, assess the person's responsiveness and breathing. If there are any doubts about their condition, begin CPR immediately and call for emergency medical assistance.

Medical Evaluation After Electric Shock

Even if the person appears to recover after an electric shock, it is still highly recommended to seek medical attention. Hidden internal injuries or cardiac complications may not be immediately apparent. A healthcare professional can perform diagnostic tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) or cardiac enzyme tests to evaluate whether the heart has been affected by the incident. Early detection and treatment can prevent long-term damage or life-threatening complications.