CPR Compression Rates for Children: What You Need to Know

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique that varies slightly depending on whether it's performed on an adult or a child. One of the most critical aspects of CPR is understanding the correct compression rate and the ratio of compressions to rescue breaths, especially when dealing with pediatric emergencies.

Understanding CPR Compression Rates

For adults, the recommended compression rate is between 100 and 120 compressions per minute. The standard ratio for single-rescuer CPR is 30 compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. This same compression rate applies when performing CPR on a child if only one rescuer is present. The compression-to-ventilation ratio remains consistent at 30:2, meaning 30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths.

Differences in Pediatric CPR

Team-Based CPR for Children

However, when more than one rescuer is available, the approach changes slightly for children. In a team setting, where one person can focus on chest compressions and another on delivering rescue breaths, the recommended ratio becomes 15:2. This means that after every 15 compressions, the second rescuer provides 2 breaths. This adjustment allows for more efficient oxygen delivery while maintaining high-quality compressions.

Why the Difference Matters

The difference in compression-to-ventilation ratios between adult and pediatric CPR is based on the physiological needs of children. Younger individuals often require more frequent ventilation due to their smaller lung capacity and higher metabolic rate. By adjusting the ratio in a multi-rescuer scenario, emergency responders can better support the child's circulatory and respiratory systems during cardiac arrest.

Conclusion

Knowing the correct CPR compression rate and ventilation ratio is essential for effective emergency care. Whether you're performing CPR alone or as part of a team, understanding how to adapt your technique for a child can significantly increase their chances of survival. Always stay updated with the latest CPR guidelines to ensure you're providing the best possible care in critical situations.