CPR 30:2 Ratio Explained – What Does It Mean?

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the 30:2 ratio refers to giving 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. This standard is recommended for adults and is a critical component of basic life support, especially in emergencies such as cardiac arrest.

Understanding the 30:2 Compression-to-Ventilation Ratio

The 30:2 method ensures that the heart receives enough pressure to circulate blood while also delivering oxygen to the lungs. Chest compressions should be performed at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. This means completing the 30 compressions within approximately 15 to 18 seconds to maintain effective rhythm and flow.

How to Perform Rescue Breathing Properly

During rescue breathing, the victim should be lying flat on their back. The rescuer should gently tilt the head back to open the airway. After taking a normal breath, the rescuer then delivers a mouth-to-mouth breath to the victim, ensuring a proper seal.

While giving the breath, one hand should pinch the victim's nose shut, and the rescuer's mouth should fully cover the victim's mouth to prevent air leakage. Each breath should last about one second and should be enough to make the chest visibly rise.

When Is CPR With Rescue Breathing Necessary?

This technique is especially important in cases of suffocation, carbon monoxide poisoning, drowning, or electric shock, where oxygen deprivation is a primary concern. Combining chest compressions with rescue breathing helps restore both circulation and oxygenation, significantly increasing the chances of survival.