Treatment Options for Aortic Plaque

Aortic plaque treatment is essentially equivalent to anti-atherosclerosis therapy. The first step involves intervening in risk factors. For instance, it's important to assess whether the patient has hypertension, diabetes, or high cholesterol, or engages in unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, or the use of drugs that negatively affect arterial health. Managing blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels, along with adopting healthier lifestyle habits—such as a low-salt, low-fat diet—can significantly help in controlling plaque buildup.

Key Lifestyle Modifications

Dietary changes play a crucial role in managing aortic plaque. A heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can reduce the progression of atherosclerosis. Limiting saturated fats, trans fats, and processed foods is also highly recommended.

Regular physical activity is another cornerstone of treatment. Engaging in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for at least 30 minutes, five days a week, can improve cardiovascular health and help prevent further plaque accumulation. Activities such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming are ideal choices.

Medical Management

In addition to lifestyle changes, medications may be prescribed to manage underlying conditions. Statins are commonly used to lower cholesterol levels, while antihypertensive drugs help control blood pressure. Anti-diabetic medications or insulin therapy may also be necessary for patients with elevated blood sugar levels.

Long-Term Monitoring and Prevention

Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential to monitor plaque progression and adjust treatment plans as needed. Imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scans may be used to evaluate the condition of the aorta over time. Preventive strategies should focus on maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding tobacco use, and limiting alcohol intake to reduce long-term cardiovascular risks.