How To Effectively Treat Gastric Ulcers

Gastric ulcers are primarily caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, a type of bacteria that colonizes the stomach lining, particularly in the antrum. This bacterium produces toxins that damage the protective mucosal layer of the stomach, leading to ulcer formation. The most effective treatment for H. pylori-related ulcers is a quadruple therapy regimen lasting approximately two weeks. This approach typically includes a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) such as omeprazole, rabeprazole, or lansoprazole, which helps reduce gastric acid production and promotes healing.

In addition to PPIs, bismuth-containing agents like bismuth subsalicylate or colloidal bismuth pectin are used to protect the stomach lining and inhibit bacterial growth. Two antibiotics are also prescribed based on local resistance patterns. If the patient is not allergic to penicillin, amoxicillin is often the first choice. The second antibiotic may be selected from metronidazole, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, furazolidone, or tetracycline, depending on regional effectiveness and individual health factors.

For ulcers caused by medications such as aspirin or due to duodenal reflux, adjustments in drug use are essential. If discontinuation of the offending medication is not possible, doctors often recommend acid-suppressing drugs and gastroprotective agents to minimize further damage to the stomach lining. In such cases, the typical treatment duration for gastric ulcer healing is around six to eight weeks, allowing sufficient time for tissue repair and symptom relief.