Is Stomach Ulcer Completely Curable?

Stomach ulcers can be broadly categorized into benign and malignant types. Benign ulcers, often caused by factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection, certain medications, or alcohol consumption, can usually be cured with appropriate treatment. When the underlying cause is identified and addressed, these ulcers tend to heal effectively. In contrast, malignant ulcers—often associated with conditions like gastric cancer or gastric lymphoma—typically require surgical intervention for treatment and are not easily curable through non-surgical means.

One of the primary causes of benign ulcers is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a type of bacteria that can damage the protective lining of the stomach. To treat H. pylori-related ulcers, a quadruple therapy regimen is commonly prescribed, which includes a proton pump inhibitor, a bismuth compound, and two different antibiotics. This approach has proven highly effective in eliminating the bacteria and allowing the ulcer to heal.

In cases where ulcers are caused by medications—particularly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin—the mechanism involves the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), an enzyme that helps protect the stomach lining. If possible, discontinuing the medication is ideal; however, some patients with serious cardiovascular conditions may not be able to stop taking aspirin and should take acid-suppressing medications alongside it to reduce ulcer risk.

Alcohol-induced ulcers are relatively straightforward to address. The most effective treatment involves complete cessation of alcohol consumption. Patients are strongly advised to undergo alcohol withdrawal therapy to allow the stomach lining to heal and prevent further complications. Adopting healthier lifestyle habits plays a crucial role in both preventing and treating benign stomach ulcers.