Understanding Hyperlipidemia Diagnosis

Hyperlipidemia refers to a disorder in lipid metabolism. Clinically, it is categorized into two main types based on blood test results: hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. A diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia is typically made when low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels exceed 3.37 mmol/L. Similarly, hypertriglyceridemia is diagnosed when triglyceride levels rise above 1.7 mmol/L. If both LDL and triglyceride levels are elevated, the condition is classified as mixed hyperlipidemia.

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Hyperlipidemia

Diagnosing hyperlipidemia involves more than just identifying abnormal lipid levels; it also includes assessing the patient's overall cardiovascular risk. This risk stratification helps determine the appropriate treatment approach and is categorized into four levels: low risk, moderate risk, high risk, and very high risk. Factors such as family history, age, blood pressure, smoking status, and the presence of other medical conditions like diabetes are considered during this evaluation.

Managing Hyperlipidemia After Diagnosis

Once a diagnosis of hyperlipidemia is confirmed, patients typically begin outpatient treatment, which often includes prescription medication. It is crucial to follow a healthcare provider's guidance regarding the correct dosage and timing of medication. Regular follow-ups are necessary to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment and make any needed adjustments.

Monitoring Health During Treatment

In addition to adhering to prescribed medication, patients should also undergo regular monitoring of liver and kidney function. Certain lipid-lowering drugs, such as statins, can affect these organs, so periodic blood tests are essential to ensure safe and effective long-term management of hyperlipidemia.