Diagnosis Criteria For Acute Pericarditis

1. Laboratory Blood Tests

Blood tests play a crucial role in diagnosing acute pericarditis. These tests help identify markers related to the primary cause of the condition. In cases of infectious pericarditis, elevated white blood cell counts and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are commonly observed. For pericarditis caused by autoimmune disorders, specific immune markers may be detected in the blood. Additionally, in patients suffering from uremia, elevated creatinine levels can indicate kidney dysfunction contributing to the condition.

2. Chest X-Ray Imaging

Chest X-rays are often used as a preliminary diagnostic tool. In many cases, X-rays may show no significant abnormalities. However, if there is a substantial amount of fluid accumulation around the heart (pericardial effusion), the heart may appear enlarged on the X-ray image. This finding can help doctors suspect pericardial involvement and proceed with more specific diagnostic tests.

3. Echocardiography

Echocardiography is one of the most effective methods for confirming the presence of pericarditis. This non-invasive imaging technique allows physicians to visualize the heart and detect any fluid buildup in the pericardium. It also helps in assessing the volume of the effusion and whether it is causing hemodynamic changes, such as cardiac tamponade—a serious complication that can impair heart function. Accurate evaluation through echocardiography is vital for determining the appropriate treatment plan.