Gastric Ulcers and Their Connection to Stomach Cancer

Gastric ulcers can potentially undergo malignant transformation, eventually leading to stomach cancer. The progression of gastric cancer typically begins with the normal mucosa of the stomach. Over time, this tissue may be exposed to irritants such as alcohol or dietary factors, particularly foods containing nitrates and nitrites. These substances can cause gradual changes in the mucosal lining, ultimately resulting in gastritis. If the damage progresses deeper, it can lead to the formation of a gastric ulcer.

Early-stage gastric ulcers are often small, measuring around 1cm or up to 2cm in diameter. However, if left undiagnosed and untreated, these ulcers can grow larger—exceeding 2cm in size or penetrating deeper into the stomach wall. During endoscopic examination, advanced ulcers may display a crater-like appearance, resembling a volcano.

At this stage, doctors must consider the possibility of malignancy and perform diagnostic tests accordingly. A biopsy is typically conducted during endoscopy to collect tissue samples for pathological analysis. This step is crucial in determining whether cancerous cells are present.

If gastric cancer is diagnosed, prompt treatment following standard oncological protocols is essential. On the other hand, if the lesion is confirmed to be a benign ulcer, appropriate ulcer-specific treatment should begin immediately. Early diagnosis and intervention significantly improve patient outcomes in both scenarios.

Therefore, individuals experiencing persistent abdominal discomfort should seek medical attention without delay. Timely evaluation and accurate diagnosis allow for the selection of the most effective treatment strategy, improving prognosis and reducing complications.