What is the Alternative Name for Metaraminol?

Metaraminol, commonly known as Aramine, is a synthetic indirect-acting sympathomimetic amine. Its generic name is metaraminol bitartrate injection. This medication works by gradually and persistently constricting blood vessels while moderately enhancing myocardial contractility, thereby increasing cardiac output. Compared to other vasoconstrictors, metaraminol has a milder effect on renal vasoconstriction, which allows for improved blood flow to vital organs such as the brain, liver, kidneys, and coronary arteries. The drug is metabolized in the liver, and its metabolites are excreted via bile and the kidneys. Currently, it is used as a substitute for norepinephrine.

Medical Applications of Metaraminol

Metaraminol is frequently administered in clinical settings to manage hypotension caused by various conditions such as hemorrhage, drug allergies, surgical complications, or traumatic brain injury and brain tumors accompanied by shock. It is also employed in the prevention and treatment of acute hypotension during spinal or epidural anesthesia. Additionally, this medication can be used to address hypotension resulting from cardiogenic shock or septicemia.

Potential Side Effects and Risks

When the pressor response from metaraminol occurs too rapidly or intensely, it may lead to complications such as acute pulmonary edema, arrhythmias, or even cardiac arrest. Overdose symptoms typically include seizures, severe hypertension, and significant cardiac rhythm disturbances. In such cases, the drug should be discontinued immediately. If blood pressure becomes excessively elevated, phentolamine can be administered intravenously, and repeat doses may be necessary if required.

Extravasation of the intravenous solution can cause intense local vasoconstriction, potentially resulting in tissue necrosis, ulceration, or the formation of abscesses characterized by swelling, redness, and hard nodules. Furthermore, abrupt discontinuation of prolonged metaraminol therapy may lead to rebound hypotension, which requires careful monitoring and management.