Low Blood Pressure Symptoms And Their Impact On Health

Low blood pressure, medically known as hypotension, can manifest in various ways depending on its type and severity. It is generally categorized into acute and chronic forms. Acute hypotension often occurs due to reduced blood flow to vital organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys, leading to symptoms like dizziness, blurred vision, weakness in the limbs, cold sweats, palpitations, and decreased urine output. In severe cases, it can result in fainting or shock, which may pose life-threatening risks.

Types Of Low Blood Pressure And Their Symptoms

1. Constitutional Hypotension

Constitutional hypotension is typically linked to genetic factors, physical build, or being underweight. In mild cases, individuals may experience no symptoms at all. However, in more severe cases, it can lead to neurological and psychiatric manifestations, including fatigue, dizziness, headaches, and even fainting spells. Interestingly, symptoms tend to be more noticeable during the warmer summer months when blood pressure naturally drops due to environmental factors.

2. Orthostatic Hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a sudden drop in blood pressure upon changing positions, particularly when moving from a lying down to a standing position. If the systolic pressure drops by more than 20 mmHg or the diastolic pressure drops by more than 10 mmHg within three minutes of standing, it is considered orthostatic hypotension. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness, headaches, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, and difficulties with cognitive function.

3. Secondary Hypotension

Secondary hypotension refers to low blood pressure caused by underlying medical conditions or medication use. For example, conditions like aortic stenosis and mitral valve stenosis can impair blood flow and lead to hypotension. Additionally, overuse of antihypertensive drugs or certain antidepressants may also contribute to abnormally low blood pressure levels.