High Blood Pressure: Risks When Diastolic Pressure Exceeds 90

When diastolic blood pressure consistently rises above 90 mmHg, it can be classified as high blood pressure, especially when measured in a clinical setting where readings of 140/90 mmHg or higher are considered hypertensive. This condition significantly increases the risk of various health complications, including organ damage and chronic diseases.

Impact on the Kidneys

Kidney damage is a serious concern when blood pressure remains elevated. The increased pressure can lead to glomerulosclerosis, renal artery hardening, and arterial narrowing, all of which impair kidney function. Over time, this may progress to chronic kidney disease or even kidney failure if left untreated.

Cardiovascular Complications

High diastolic pressure also puts stress on the cardiovascular system. It can accelerate atherosclerosis—the buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply the heart. This can lead to narrowed or blocked arteries, increasing the risk of heart attack. Additionally, partial blockages can cause chest pain or angina, especially during physical exertion.

Effects on Eye Health

Elevated blood pressure can damage the delicate blood vessels in the eyes, leading to a condition known as hypertensive retinopathy. This involves retinal artery hardening and can result in vision problems or even permanent vision loss if the damage is severe or prolonged.

Risk of Brain-Related Conditions

One of the most dangerous consequences of sustained high diastolic pressure is the increased risk of stroke and cerebral infarction. The arteries in the brain may develop atherosclerosis, leading to plaque formation, narrowing of the vessels, or even complete blockage. This can result in reduced blood flow to the brain, causing ischemic events or full-blown strokes.