Low Diastolic Blood Pressure: Causes And What You Need To Know

Diastolic blood pressure refers to the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats. A low diastolic reading can be caused by a variety of factors, such as arterial stiffness, reduced vascular elasticity, and decreased vascular compliance. Other potential causes include reduced venous return and aortic valve insufficiency.

Common Causes Of Low Diastolic Pressure

Arterial stiffness is a common issue, especially among older adults, and can significantly affect diastolic pressure. When arteries lose their elasticity, they are less able to expand and contract efficiently, which can lead to lower diastolic readings. Similarly, poor vascular elasticity and reduced vascular compliance can impair the arteries' ability to handle blood flow, contributing to lower diastolic numbers.

Another important factor is venous return — the amount of blood returning to the heart. If this is reduced, it can lower the volume of blood in the arteries during the heart's resting phase, resulting in a drop in diastolic pressure. Additionally, conditions like aortic valve insufficiency, where the aortic valve doesn't close properly, can cause blood to leak back into the heart, further reducing diastolic pressure.

Why It Matters For Heart Health

Low diastolic pressure can be particularly concerning for individuals with existing heart conditions. Since the heart receives most of its blood supply during diastole, a consistently low diastolic reading may reduce the oxygen and nutrients delivered to the heart muscle. This can increase the risk of cardiovascular complications, especially in patients with coronary artery disease or other forms of heart failure.

Diagnostic Steps To Consider

If you're experiencing consistently low diastolic pressure, it's important to consult a healthcare provider. Recommended diagnostic tests may include vascular ultrasound to assess blood flow and artery health, as well as vascular elasticity testing to determine how well your blood vessels are functioning. These tests can help identify the underlying cause and guide appropriate treatment strategies.