Orthostatic Hypotension: How Much Does Blood Pressure Drop From Lying Down?

Orthostatic hypotension is characterized by a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing up from a lying or seated position. Typically, this condition involves a decrease of at least 20 mmHg in systolic blood pressure or a drop of 10 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure. It is particularly common among older adults, making it essential for them to transition slowly and gradually from a lying or squatting position to a standing one. Failing to do so can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure, which may severely affect cerebral perfusion and result in symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, or even falling—posing serious health risks.

Understanding the Different Types of Orthostatic Hypotension

When blood pressure drops after standing, individuals may experience varying symptoms depending on the type and severity of their condition. There are three main types of orthostatic hypotension, each with distinct characteristics:

Type 1: Rapid Blood Pressure Drop Within One Minute

The first type is marked by a quick decline in blood pressure within the first minute of standing. This immediate response can cause sudden lightheadedness and may lead to loss of balance or consciousness if not managed properly.

Type 2: Moderate Drop Within Three Minutes

In the second type, the systolic pressure drops by at least 20 mmHg or the diastolic pressure decreases by 10 mmHg within three minutes of standing. However, the body often recovers relatively quickly, and symptoms may subside without medical intervention.

Type 3: Significant Drop With Delayed Recovery

The third type involves a more pronounced drop in blood pressure that takes longer to normalize. Individuals with this type may experience prolonged symptoms, requiring more time to stabilize and possibly needing medical support to manage the condition effectively.