Can a Gastroscopy Detect Atrophic Gastritis?

Gastroscopy is an effective method for detecting atrophic gastritis, as this condition presents with distinct visual characteristics during the procedure. In individuals with atrophic gastritis, the gastric mucosa typically appears thin and exhibits a mottled red and white pattern. In some cases, the mucosal surface may resemble a granular texture. Additionally, the underlying blood vessels may become visible, giving the mucosa a nodular, grayish appearance.

Advanced imaging techniques such as magnifying chromoendoscopy can further enhance diagnostic accuracy. These methods allow for a more detailed visualization of the gastric glands, making it easier to identify signs of glandular atrophy—a hallmark of atrophic gastritis. However, while these observations are highly suggestive, they are not considered definitive on their own.

To confirm a diagnosis, biopsies are often taken during the gastroscopy. Typically, two tissue samples are collected from suspicious areas and sent for histopathological analysis. This step is crucial because only a microscopic examination of the tissue can provide a 100% confirmation of atrophic gastritis.

Although experienced endoscopists can make a preliminary diagnosis based on visual findings during gastroscopy, the gold standard for diagnosing atrophic gastritis remains histopathological evaluation of biopsy specimens. Therefore, when uncertainty exists, obtaining biopsies during the procedure ensures a more accurate and reliable diagnosis.