Rheumatic Heart Disease Diagnosis: Comprehensive Testing Methods

To effectively diagnose rheumatic heart disease, a series of medical evaluations and tests are necessary. These tests help determine whether a patient is in the active phase of rheumatic disease and assess the condition of the heart valves and overall cardiac function.

Blood Tests for Rheumatic Activity

The first step in diagnosing rheumatic heart disease involves blood tests. These include measuring levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titers. These laboratory tests help identify whether there is ongoing inflammation or a recent streptococcal infection, both of which are key indicators of active rheumatic disease.

Echocardiogram: Assessing Heart Structure

An echocardiogram is one of the most important diagnostic tools used in the evaluation of rheumatic heart disease. This imaging test allows doctors to visualize the heart's structure, including the size of the chambers and the condition of the heart valves. In patients with rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve abnormalities are commonly observed, such as leaflet thickening, fusion, or narrowing (mitral stenosis).

Identifying Arrhythmias with ECG

Rheumatic heart disease often leads to complications such as atrial fibrillation (AFib), a common type of irregular heartbeat. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to detect and confirm the presence of AFib. This test records the heart's electrical activity and helps doctors determine whether arrhythmias are present and how they may be affecting heart function.

Putting It All Together

Combining results from blood tests, echocardiography, and electrocardiography allows for a comprehensive diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease. Early and accurate detection is crucial for managing the condition effectively and preventing long-term heart damage. If you suspect you or someone you know may have rheumatic heart disease, consult a cardiologist for a full evaluation.