Rheumatic Heart Disease Symptoms And Management Tips

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a long-term condition that affects the heart valves following an episode of acute rheumatic fever. In the early stages, many individuals may not experience any noticeable symptoms. However, as the disease progresses, a range of cardiac symptoms may begin to appear.

Common Symptoms of Rheumatic Heart Disease

As the condition worsens, patients often report symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort. Fatigue and persistent coughing with mucus production are also common. In more advanced cases, swelling in the lower extremities becomes apparent due to fluid retention.

Severe Complications to Watch For

Among the more serious manifestations are episodes of sudden breathlessness, especially during physical activity or at night. Some patients develop orthopnea, which means they have difficulty breathing unless sitting upright. Coughing up blood, known as hemoptysis, can occur in severe cases. If left untreated, rheumatic heart disease can lead to congestive heart failure, which requires immediate medical attention.

Effective Management and Prevention Strategies

Preventing further damage is crucial for long-term health. It's essential to manage infections effectively, especially those that could lead to endocarditis or trigger a recurrence of rheumatic fever. Patients with a history of blood clots may need to stay on anticoagulant therapy to reduce the risk of stroke or pulmonary embolism.

For those already experiencing heart failure symptoms, limiting fluid and sodium intake can help reduce swelling and ease the burden on the heart. Diuretics may be prescribed by a physician to help remove excess fluid from the body. Lifestyle modifications, such as staying warm and avoiding exposure to colds and flu, also play a key role in preventing complications.

Regular follow-up with a cardiologist, maintaining good hygiene, and following prescribed treatment plans are all vital components in managing rheumatic heart disease effectively and improving quality of life.