Rheumatic Heart Disease Symptoms in Advanced Stages

Rheumatic heart disease is a condition that develops as a result of an abnormal immune response triggered by an infection with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus bacteria. It is classified as an autoimmune disorder and is relatively common, causing significant damage to a patient's overall health. As the disease progresses to its later stages, a variety of symptoms begin to manifest, often signaling severe cardiac involvement.

Severe Respiratory Distress

One of the most prominent symptoms in the advanced stages of rheumatic heart disease is significant respiratory distress. Patients often experience shortness of breath even during minimal physical activity or while at rest. This difficulty in breathing typically occurs without the presence of coughing or mucus production, distinguishing it from other respiratory conditions.

Physical Appearance and Facial Changes

In the later stages, individuals may exhibit a noticeable change in physical appearance. The skin often takes on a pale or grayish tone, and cyanosis—characterized by a bluish or purplish discoloration—can be seen, especially around the lips and extremities. These changes are due to poor oxygen circulation caused by deteriorating heart function.

Reduced Responsiveness and Emotional Detachment

Patients may also appear emotionally flat or indifferent, showing little reaction to their surroundings. This altered mental state is often linked to decreased oxygen supply to the brain and the overall physical strain caused by the disease. It is an important indicator of the severity of the condition and the urgent need for medical intervention.

Why Early Detection Matters

Recognizing the early signs of rheumatic heart disease can significantly improve long-term outcomes. Without timely treatment, the condition inevitably progresses, leading to irreversible damage to the heart valves and increased risk of complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and stroke. Therefore, understanding the symptoms, especially in the advanced phase, is crucial for seeking prompt and effective care.