Rheumatic Heart Disease Symptoms and Their Impact on Daily Life

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) primarily manifests through symptoms related to heart fatigue and shortness of breath during physical activity. These are the most common clinical signs experienced by the majority of patients. As the disease progresses, additional symptoms and physical indicators may appear, making early detection crucial for effective management.

Early Warning Signs of Rheumatic Heart Disease

In the initial stages, patients may experience persistent coughing, which can worsen over time and potentially lead to hemoptysis (coughing up blood). Physical exertion often triggers chest tightness and breathlessness, signaling the heart's reduced capacity to function efficiently under stress. These symptoms should not be ignored, especially in individuals with a history of rheumatic fever.

Progressive Symptoms and Heart Failure Indicators

Worsening Cardiac Function

As valve damage becomes more severe, structural and functional changes occur in the heart. Patients may find it difficult to lie flat due to breathing difficulties, experience a loss of appetite, and develop swelling in both lower limbs—common signs of heart failure. These symptoms indicate the heart's inability to maintain proper circulation and should prompt immediate medical evaluation.

Heart Rhythm Complications and Aortic Involvement

When atrial enlargement affects the heart's electrical conduction system, arrhythmias can develop. This often presents as palpitations, irregular heartbeat, and increased shortness of breath. In cases involving the aortic valve, patients may suffer from angina (chest pain) and even fainting spells, both of which require urgent cardiological assessment.