Early Signs of Rheumatic Heart Disease

Rheumatic heart disease can affect multiple heart valves, including the mitral valve, aortic valve, and tricuspid valve. Depending on which valve is impacted, the early symptoms can vary significantly. Recognizing these signs early is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Common Early Symptoms

1. Breathing Difficulties

One of the most noticeable symptoms is shortness of breath, which can occur during physical activity or even while at rest. In more severe cases, individuals may experience orthopnea—difficulty breathing while lying flat—which often requires sitting upright to breathe comfortably. Some may also suffer from paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, waking up at night gasping for air and needing to sit up to catch their breath.

2. Generalized Symptoms

Patients may also experience a range of systemic symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, headaches, and chest discomfort. Swelling, particularly in the lower extremities, is another common sign. This edema can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe and is often an indicator of worsening heart function.

Importance of Early Detection

Due to the variability in symptom presentation, it's essential to seek medical attention if any of these signs appear. Early diagnosis through echocardiography can help assess the heart's size, structure, and valve function, enabling accurate diagnosis and timely intervention. Prompt evaluation can significantly improve long-term outcomes and prevent complications associated with advanced heart disease.