Rheumatic Heart Disease Treatment Options: Medications and Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) requires careful and individualized treatment, especially when it comes to medication. In cases where heart function is affected but has not yet reached the stage of decompensation, drugs such as digoxin — a member of the digitalis family — are commonly prescribed to help maintain and support cardiac function. Diuretics like furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide are also frequently used to manage fluid retention and reduce both preload and afterload on the heart.

Managing Atrial Fibrillation in RHD

When rheumatic heart disease is accompanied by atrial fibrillation (AFib), anticoagulation becomes a key component of treatment. Blood thinners such as warfarin or aspirin may be prescribed to reduce the risk of stroke caused by clot formation. The choice of anticoagulant depends on several factors, including the patient's overall risk profile and whether a mechanical or biological valve has been implanted.

Post-Surgical Medication Considerations

Mechanical Valve Replacement and Anticoagulation

For patients who have undergone heart valve surgery, especially mechanical valve replacement, long-term anticoagulation therapy is essential. In addition to anticoagulants, digitalis and diuretics are often used during the early recovery phase to support heart function and manage hemodynamic stress.

Even with biological valve implants, anticoagulation may be necessary if the patient also has atrial fibrillation. The duration and type of anticoagulant therapy should always be tailored to the individual patient's condition and monitored closely by a healthcare provider.

Final Recommendations

It's important to emphasize that the treatment of rheumatic heart disease should always be guided by a qualified physician. Medication choices, dosages, and duration of therapy must be based on a thorough clinical evaluation and personalized care plan. Always consult with a cardiologist or healthcare provider before starting or changing any medication regimen.