Heart Failure Emergency Response for Rheumatic Heart Disease

Understanding Heart Failure Episodes in Rheumatic Heart Disease

Heart failure episodes associated with rheumatic heart disease are often caused by mitral valve stenosis, a condition where the mitral valve narrows and restricts proper blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. This blockage can quickly lead to increased pressure in the pulmonary veins, causing fluid buildup in the lungs and resulting in pulmonary congestion.

Symptoms of an Acute Episode

Patients typically experience sudden shortness of breath after physical exertion, accompanied by restlessness and difficulty lying flat. In more severe cases, individuals may cough up pink, frothy sputum. These symptoms require immediate attention to prevent further complications and ensure patient safety.

Immediate Actions During an Episode

If symptoms occur outside of a hospital setting, it is crucial for the patient to assume a seated or semi-upright position while keeping their legs lowered. This posture helps reduce venous return to the heart, thereby lessening the strain on the cardiovascular system. Additionally, it is advisable to remain calm and avoid any unnecessary physical activity until professional medical assistance arrives.

Medical Support and Emergency Response

Calling emergency services immediately is essential. In many countries, dialing the local emergency number (such as 120) will dispatch trained personnel to provide urgent care. If available and prescribed, the patient may take nitroglycerin sublingually to help alleviate symptoms. A small dose of a diuretic may also be taken to reduce fluid buildup, but only if previously recommended by a physician.

Final Recommendations

Recognizing the signs of a heart failure episode early and taking prompt action can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with rheumatic heart disease. Always keep emergency contact numbers accessible and consult with a healthcare provider about the appropriate medications to have on hand in case of an emergency.