Recovery Care Tips After Rheumatic Heart Disease Surgery

After undergoing surgery for rheumatic heart valve disease, patients typically spend some time in the intensive care unit (ICU) for close monitoring and initial recovery. During this phase, family members don't need to prepare anything special. Once the patient's condition stabilizes and they are moved to a general ward, family caregivers play a more active role in supporting the recovery process.

1. Focus on Nutritious and Balanced Meals

Proper nutrition plays a crucial role in post-surgery recovery. Patients should consume easily digestible meals that are rich in protein, calories, and vitamins. It's also important to maintain a light diet and avoid overly salty or fatty foods. Fluid intake should be carefully managed, as many patients have weakened heart function prior to surgery, and excessive fluid consumption can increase blood volume, placing additional strain on the heart.

2. Encourage Early Physical Activity and Respiratory Exercises

Mobility is key to preventing complications. Help the patient perform light exercises while in bed and encourage them to get up and walk around as soon as possible. Additionally, assist the patient with deep breathing and coughing exercises to clear mucus from the lungs and reduce the risk of respiratory infections or other pulmonary complications.

3. Adhere to Prescribed Medication Regimens

Medications are essential for maintaining heart function and preventing complications after surgery. Patients may be prescribed a combination of drugs, including heart-strengthening medications, diuretics, potassium supplements, and in some cases, vasodilators or anticoagulants. It's vital to take all medications exactly as directed and not to skip or alter doses without medical advice.

Special Considerations for Patients with Mechanical Valve Replacements

For patients who receive a mechanical heart valve, long-term anticoagulant therapy is necessary to prevent blood clots. However, maintaining the right dosage is critical—too much can lead to bleeding, while too little may result in clot formation. Regular blood tests to monitor clotting levels are required to adjust the medication accordingly.

4. Gradual Return to Normal Activities

Once discharged, most patients can return home about a week after surgery. During the recovery period at home, physical activity should be gradually increased based on how the patient feels. The general rule is to stop before feeling tired. Light activities such as walking are encouraged, but heavy lifting or strenuous exercise should be avoided until cleared by a physician.

5. Schedule Regular Follow-Up Appointments

Follow-up care is a vital part of the healing process. Patients should attend all scheduled post-operative checkups and follow the doctor's recommendations regarding lifestyle changes, medication adjustments, and any additional tests. Staying consistent with medical follow-ups ensures long-term heart health and reduces the risk of future complications.