Treatment Options for Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a condition in which normal heart muscle in the right ventricle is replaced by fatty or fibrous tissue. This structural change can interfere with the heart's electrical signaling and lead to dangerous arrhythmias. While there is no known cure for ARVC, various treatment strategies can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)

One of the most common and effective treatments for ARVC is the implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). This small device is surgically placed under the skin and connected to the heart. It continuously monitors heart rhythm and can deliver electrical impulses or shocks to restore a normal rhythm when life-threatening arrhythmias occur.

Medication Therapy

In addition to device therapy, medications may be prescribed to help control heart rhythm and prevent episodes of arrhythmia. Commonly used drugs include beta-blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, and sometimes calcium channel blockers. These medications can help reduce the frequency and severity of abnormal heartbeats.

Managing Life-Threatening Arrhythmias

ARVC can lead to sudden, life-threatening arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia. These episodes require prompt medical intervention. Patients with a history of such events are often considered high-risk and may benefit from early ICD placement along with aggressive rhythm management strategies.

Lifestyle Adjustments and Monitoring

Patients diagnosed with ARVC are typically advised to avoid intense physical exertion and competitive sports, as these can trigger arrhythmias. Regular follow-up appointments with a cardiologist, including periodic electrocardiograms (ECGs) and echocardiograms, are essential for monitoring disease progression and adjusting treatment plans accordingly.