Superficial Atrophic Gastritis: How Serious Is It?

Superficial atrophic gastritis is a condition that should not be taken lightly. Early and proactive treatment is crucial, as leaving it untreated can significantly increase the risk of malignant transformation, potentially leading to gastric cancer. This makes timely medical intervention essential for preventing severe complications.

When it comes to treating superficial atrophic gastritis, a combination approach involving medication and lifestyle adjustments—especially dietary habits—has proven effective. There are three primary categories of medications commonly used in treatment:

1. Antibiotics for H. pylori infection

If tests confirm the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), antibiotic therapy becomes a key part of the treatment plan. Typically, doctors prescribe either triple or quadruple therapy, which includes a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) along with two or three antibiotics to effectively eliminate the bacteria.

2. Limiting the use of acid-suppressive drugs

While reducing stomach acid may seem beneficial, long-term reliance on acid-suppressing medications such as PPIs or H2 blockers can sometimes interfere with proper digestion and nutrient absorption. Therefore, these medications should be used cautiously and only under a doctor's supervision.

3. Mucosal protective agents

These medications help protect the stomach lining and promote healing. One of the most commonly prescribed is bismuth subsalicylate, a compound that coats the stomach lining, reduces inflammation, and helps eliminate harmful bacteria.

In addition to pharmacological treatments, diet plays a vital role in managing superficial atrophic gastritis. Patients are encouraged to eat regular, balanced meals, avoid spicy, fatty, or overly processed foods, and reduce alcohol and caffeine intake. Maintaining a healthy diet supports mucosal healing and reduces the likelihood of symptom flare-ups.

By combining these medical and dietary strategies, patients can achieve better outcomes and significantly reduce the progression of the disease. Regular follow-up with a gastroenterologist is also recommended to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as needed.