Congenital Heart Disease Symptoms and What You Need to Know

Congenital heart disease encompasses a wide range of heart defects that develop before birth. When symptoms appear in infants, they may include persistent crying, difficulty feeding, and noticeable cyanosis—where the lips turn bluish due to low oxygen levels. In addition, clubbing of the fingers and toes may become more evident, especially during episodes of distress. These signs are often linked to hypoxic spells, which are common in certain types of congenital heart conditions.

Recognizing Symptoms in Adults

While congenital heart defects are typically diagnosed in childhood, some individuals may not experience noticeable symptoms until adulthood. Common signs in adults include shortness of breath, chest tightness, palpitations, dizziness, and a reduced ability to tolerate physical activity. These symptoms can vary in intensity and may worsen over time if left untreated.

Diagnosis and Medical Evaluation

If congenital heart disease is suspected, it is crucial to seek prompt medical attention. A comprehensive evaluation usually includes diagnostic tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and chest X-ray. These tools help doctors determine the type and severity of the heart defect, the exact location of any structural abnormalities, and the overall impact on heart function.

Next Steps After Diagnosis

Once a diagnosis is confirmed, healthcare providers can assess the need for medication, surgical intervention, or long-term monitoring. Early detection and proper management are key to improving outcomes and enhancing quality of life for individuals living with congenital heart conditions. Treatment plans are tailored based on the patient's age, overall health, and the complexity of the heart defect.