Can Babies With Congenital Heart Defects Exercise After Treatment?

After treatment for congenital heart disease in infants, the ability to engage in physical activity largely depends on the severity of the condition and the type of treatment received. Here's a detailed overview of what to expect based on different scenarios:

Full Anatomical Repair – Normal Physical Activity Possible

Many infants who undergo successful surgical repair of simple heart defects, such as ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), can lead completely normal lives. Once fully recovered, these children can participate in all types of physical activities, including competitive sports. However, for those who underwent sternotomy (breastbone incision), a recovery period of about one year is typically needed for full healing before engaging in high-impact activities.

Corrective Surgery With Long-Term Monitoring

Children with more complex conditions, such as Tetralogy of Fallot, often undergo corrective surgery that significantly improves heart function. Although the anatomical structure may appear nearly normal post-surgery, long-term monitoring is essential. The pulmonary artery may not grow in sync with the rest of the body, which can affect endurance and performance. These children can generally participate in regular physical activities, attend school, and even plan for pregnancy later in life. However, becoming a professional athlete is typically not recommended due to potential cardiovascular risks.

Valve Surgery and Functional Limitations

For infants who undergo valve repair or replacement, such as mitral or tricuspid valve procedures, physical activity should be carefully managed. Regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor valve function and detect any complications early. These children may experience limitations in exercise capacity and are generally advised to avoid strenuous or high-intensity workouts. In cases where symptoms like shortness of breath occur after walking less than 100 meters, it's strongly recommended to seek evaluation at a specialized cardiac center.

Conclusion

Each child's recovery and physical capabilities after congenital heart disease treatment are unique. With proper medical guidance and regular check-ups, many children can enjoy an active lifestyle. Always consult with a pediatric cardiologist to determine the safest level of physical activity for your child.