The Most Critical Diagnostic Method Before Congenital Heart Surgery

Before undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease, the most common and essential diagnostic method is echocardiography. This technique allows doctors to observe abnormal blood flow and confirm the diagnosis. In most cases, a color Doppler ultrasound alone is sufficient for accurate diagnosis. However, there are also several additional diagnostic tools that may be used to further evaluate the condition.

Common Diagnostic Methods for Congenital Heart Defects

Echocardiography remains the primary and most effective diagnostic method. It provides real-time images of the heart's structure and blood flow, enabling physicians to detect abnormalities without the need for invasive procedures.

Physical Examination and Auscultation

Many patients with congenital heart defects exhibit noticeable symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, or developmental delays. During a physical exam, doctors often detect heart murmurs using a stethoscope, which can indicate structural issues within the heart.

Imaging and Advanced Diagnostic Tests

For more complex cases, additional tests may be required. X-ray imaging can help visualize the overall shape and size of the heart, while cardiac CT scans and MRI scans offer more detailed images of the heart and surrounding structures. In certain situations, a right heart catheterization may be performed to measure pressure and resistance in the pulmonary arteries. This procedure, often combined with angiography, provides critical data that guides surgical planning and treatment decisions.