Atrial Septal Defect Closure Procedure: What to Expect

When a patient is suspected of having an atrial septal defect (ASD), the first step involves diagnostic tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography. These tests help determine the exact location and size of the defect in the heart's septum. Once an ASD is confirmed, the medical team proceeds with the closure procedure.

Preparation for the Procedure

Prior to the ASD closure, the patient undergoes a thorough preparation process. This includes sterilizing the surgical area, typically around the groin region, where access to the femoral veins will be made. Sterile drapes are then placed over the patient to maintain a contamination-free environment during the procedure.

Access and Catheterization

Using the left and right femoral veins as access points, the medical team inserts a thin wire and guiding sheath into the vein. This catheter system is carefully guided through the blood vessels and into the heart, specifically targeting the area of the atrial septal defect.

Device Deployment

Once the catheter reaches the defect, a closure device is deployed through the sheath. The device is precisely positioned to seal the hole in the atrial septum. After the successful placement of the occluder, the catheter sheath and guidewire are carefully removed.

Post-Procedure Care

After the device is in place, pressure is applied to the puncture sites to stop any bleeding. The patient is then moved to a recovery unit where continuous cardiac monitoring is conducted. This allows medical staff to closely observe vital signs and ensure there are no immediate complications.

Medication and Recovery

Following the procedure, patients are typically prescribed medications such as cardiac glycosides and diuretics. These help support heart function and promote a faster recovery. Patients are also advised to follow a post-operative care plan that may include activity restrictions and regular follow-up appointments to monitor long-term outcomes.