Atrial Septal Defect: How Many Millimeters Can Heal Naturally?

An atrial septal defect (ASD) is categorized into small, medium, and large based on the size of the opening. In younger patients, a defect measuring less than 6mm is considered small and may have the potential to close naturally without medical intervention.

Monitoring Small Atrial Septal Defects

Typically, children with small ASDs are advised to undergo regular follow-ups every 3 to 6 months, including echocardiograms to monitor the heart's development. This observation period usually continues until the child reaches 2 to 3 years of age. During this time, it's important to monitor the child's overall growth and health, including any frequent illnesses such as recurring pneumonia.

Extended Follow-Up and Natural Closure

If the child shows healthy development and maintains good health without frequent infections, the follow-up intervals may be extended. In some cases, doctors may continue monitoring until the child is around 4 years old. If the defect hasn't closed by this time, the likelihood of spontaneous closure becomes very low.

Treatment Options If Natural Healing Doesn't Occur

If the ASD does not close on its own, treatment options are available. If the location of the defect is favorable, a minimally invasive procedure known as catheter-based closure can be performed. This technique involves placing a small device through a catheter to seal the hole, offering a safe and effective alternative to open-heart surgery with a faster recovery time.