Heart Failure With An Ejection Fraction Of 25 – How Serious Is It?

When a patient with heart failure has an ejection fraction of 25%, it is considered to be quite serious. In healthy individuals, the ejection fraction should typically be above 50%. An ejection fraction below 25% indicates a more advanced stage of heart failure, often requiring aggressive treatment with both medication and, in some cases, device-based therapies. At this stage, it is crucial to implement effective drug therapy to manage symptoms and improve heart function. Additionally, implantable devices may be used to help prevent sudden cardiac death.

Understanding Ejection Fraction Categories

Heart failure can be classified based on ejection fraction measurements. When the ejection fraction is above 50%, the condition is often due to impaired heart relaxation rather than reduced pumping ability. This type is known as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). On the other hand, when the ejection fraction drops below 40%, it indicates a significant decline in the heart's ability to contract effectively, referred to as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

What About Mid-Range Ejection Fractions?

Ejection fractions that fall between 40% and 50% represent a mixed form of heart failure, where both systolic (pumping) and diastolic (relaxation) functions are compromised. This category is sometimes called heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF). Patients in this group may experience symptoms similar to those with reduced ejection fraction and may benefit from a combination of treatment strategies.

Advanced Treatment Options For Severe Heart Failure

As heart failure progresses to a more severe or refractory stage, traditional treatments may no longer be sufficient. In such cases, more advanced interventions like heart transplantation or the implantation of mechanical support devices may be necessary. These therapies are typically reserved for patients who do not respond well to medications or other forms of treatment and are experiencing significant limitations in daily life.