Atrial Fibrillation Explained: Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors

Atrial fibrillation, often referred to as AFib, is a common type of arrhythmia that primarily affects older adults. In individuals with this condition, the heart beats in an irregular and often unpredictable rhythm. One of the key signs of atrial fibrillation is that the pulse rate may appear lower than the actual heart rate, which can be detected through medical monitoring.

Common Causes of Atrial Fibrillation

There are both physiological and pathological factors that can contribute to the development of AFib. On the physiological side, excessive alcohol consumption, emotional stress, anxiety, and prolonged exposure to high-pressure environments are known to increase the risk of experiencing episodes of atrial fibrillation. These triggers can disrupt the heart's natural electrical signals, leading to irregular heartbeats.

Underlying Medical Conditions Linked to AFib

From a medical standpoint, several health conditions are closely associated with atrial fibrillation. These include heart valve disorders, myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle), hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), and various forms of heart disease. Additionally, severe infections can also play a role in triggering AFib episodes. Identifying and managing these underlying conditions is crucial for reducing the frequency and severity of atrial fibrillation events.

Why Early Detection Matters

Recognizing the symptoms of atrial fibrillation early can significantly improve outcomes. Common symptoms include palpitations, fatigue, shortness of breath, and dizziness. If left untreated, AFib can lead to more serious complications such as stroke or heart failure. Therefore, individuals experiencing these symptoms should consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment planning.