Atrial Fibrillation Symptoms: What You Need to Know

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a type of irregular heartbeat that can lead to serious complications if left untreated. One of the most noticeable symptoms of AFib is palpitations — a fluttering, racing, or pounding sensation in the chest. Some individuals may also experience a feeling of unease or anxiety, often accompanied by shortness of breath or chest discomfort.

Common Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation

During an AFib episode, many people report a sensation of their heart beating rapidly or irregularly. Others describe a trembling or shaky feeling inside the chest. These sensations can vary in intensity and duration, and may come and go unpredictably. If you check your pulse during such episodes, you may notice it is erratic or inconsistent.

Physical and Emotional Effects

In addition to palpitations, AFib can cause a range of physical and emotional symptoms. These may include fatigue, dizziness, and a general sense of weakness. The irregular heart rhythm can also trigger the body's stress response, leading to increased sympathetic nervous system activity. This may result in elevated blood pressure, feelings of nervousness, or even trembling and shaking sensations. In cases of rapid AFib, some individuals describe a full-body vibration or tremor.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options

While these symptoms are not unique to atrial fibrillation, an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) can help confirm the diagnosis by revealing the characteristic irregular heart rhythm. Once diagnosed, treatment typically focuses on managing heart rate and rhythm, reducing symptoms, and preventing complications such as stroke.

Depending on the severity and duration of AFib, doctors may recommend medications to slow the heart rate or restore a normal rhythm. In some cases, procedures such as cardioversion or catheter ablation may be used to reset the heart's rhythm. For long-standing AFib, rate control combined with anticoagulant therapy is often essential to prevent dangerous blood clots and reduce the risk of stroke.

Why Early Detection Matters

It's important to seek medical attention if you experience unexplained chest discomfort, palpitations, or fatigue. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can significantly improve quality of life and reduce the risk of serious cardiovascular events. Monitoring your symptoms and understanding the signs of AFib can help you take control of your heart health.