Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Understanding Its Causes and Impacts

Valvular atrial fibrillation refers to a type of irregular heartbeat caused by heart valve disease. The primary valve conditions associated with this condition include mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and aortic stenosis. These structural issues can disrupt the normal rhythm of the heart, leading to atrial fibrillation (AFib).

How Heart Valve Problems Lead to Atrial Fibrillation

Among these, mitral stenosis is often the earliest valve disorder linked to the onset of AFib. It can trigger frequent atrial premature contractions, which in turn lead to irregular heartbeats. Patients often experience symptoms such as shortness of breath and, in severe cases, pulmonary edema. In such situations, it is crucial to control heart rate and restore normal sinus rhythm as quickly as possible.

Common Valve Conditions and Their Connection to AFib

Approximately three out of four patients with chronic, severe mitral regurgitation may also develop atrial fibrillation. Additionally, infective endocarditis—an infection of the inner lining of the heart—can also contribute to the development of AFib. Even in the case of aortic stenosis, about 10% of affected individuals may experience this type of arrhythmia.

Valvular AFib: A Common Complication of Heart Valve Disease

Given its prevalence among patients with structural heart valve issues, valvular atrial fibrillation is considered the most common complication of heart valve disease. Early detection and management are essential to prevent further complications such as stroke or heart failure. Understanding the link between valve dysfunction and AFib can help improve diagnosis and treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.