Atrial Fibrillation Heart Rate and Pulse: What You Need to Know
Understanding Atrial Fibrillation and Its Impact on Heart Rate
Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a common type of irregular heartbeat that significantly affects heart function. During an AFib episode, the heart rate often increases beyond normal levels, typically reaching 100 beats per minute or higher. In some cases, it can spike to 150 or even 170–180 beats per minute. This rapid heart rate is one of the most noticeable signs of AFib and can cause discomfort and concern for many patients.
Why Pulse Rate May Differ From Heart Rate in AFib
Interestingly, while the heart is beating faster, the pulse rate measured at the wrist may be lower than expected. This phenomenon is known in medicine as a pulse deficit. The reason behind this discrepancy lies in the irregular and chaotic nature of the heart's rhythm during AFib. When the heart's ventricles beat inconsistently, some beats may be too weak or too close together to generate a detectable pulse in the arteries, particularly in the brachial artery where blood pressure is typically measured.
Irregular Heartbeats and Long Pauses in AFib
Another hallmark of AFib is its unpredictable rhythm. The heart may race at times and then suddenly slow down, sometimes pausing for as long as five seconds. These long pauses, or "long RR intervals" as they are called in cardiology, can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, chest discomfort, and fatigue. During these pauses, the pulse may become difficult or impossible to detect, even though the heart is still beating.
Key Takeaways About AFib Heart and Pulse Rates
The heart rate during AFib is typically over 100 beats per minute, sometimes reaching up to 180.
Pulse rate may be lower than heart rate due to ineffective ventricular contractions.
Episodes of irregular fast and slow heartbeats can lead to noticeable symptoms like lightheadedness.
Long pauses between heartbeats can occur, contributing to the complexity of AFib symptoms.
Understanding these patterns can help patients and caregivers better recognize AFib episodes and seek appropriate medical care. If you or someone you know experiences these symptoms regularly, it's important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.