What To Do If You Experience Heart Palpitations

There are two medical terms associated with heart palpitations: atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation. Each requires different treatment approaches, as outlined below:

Ventricular Fibrillation: Immediate Action Required

Ventricular fibrillation refers to chaotic electrical activity in the heart's ventricles, which typically results in cardiac arrest. In such cases, immediate action is crucial. If the incident occurs in a medical facility or near an automated external defibrillator (AED), administer an electric shock as soon as possible. This process, known as defibrillation, can often restore a normal heart rhythm.

If an AED is not available, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately. Perform chest compressions at a rate of about 100 to 120 per minute and provide rescue breaths if trained to do so. While performing CPR, someone else should call emergency services (e.g., 911) and ensure the patient is transported to a hospital as quickly as possible.

Atrial Fibrillation: Understanding Treatment Options

Atrial fibrillation is a common condition, especially among older adults, characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atria. During an episode, the heart's atrial rate can reach between 350 and 600 beats per minute. This condition can be identified through an electrocardiogram (ECG), which shows distinct fibrillatory waves.

Medication as a First Line of Defense

For patients who experience infrequent episodes or prefer non-invasive treatment, medication is often the first choice. The primary goals of drug therapy are to prevent blood clots, restore normal sinus rhythm, and maintain stable heart function. Doctors may prescribe anticoagulants, beta-blockers, or antiarrhythmic drugs depending on the patient's overall health and symptoms.

Considering Minimally Invasive Procedures

If medication proves ineffective or if episodes become more frequent and disruptive, radiofrequency ablation may be recommended. This minimally invasive procedure targets and destroys the heart tissue responsible for the irregular rhythm. It is generally considered safe and has a high success rate in patients who are good candidates for the procedure.

Whether you're dealing with atrial or ventricular fibrillation, prompt medical attention is essential. Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications such as stroke or heart failure. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your specific condition.