How to Perform Self-Care During an Atrial Fibrillation Episode

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) often causes noticeable symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, fainting, and fatigue. When these symptoms occur, especially in individuals with a history of similar episodes, it's likely they will quickly recognize they are experiencing AFib. The following are recommended self-care steps to take during an AFib episode:

1. Assume a Safe Position

When AFib strikes, it's crucial to sit or lie down immediately. During acute episodes, sudden fluctuations in blood circulation can cause a drop in blood pressure, increasing the risk of falls or fainting. By stabilizing your position, you reduce the chances of injury and give your body a better chance to cope with the episode.

2. Monitor Your Blood Pressure

If you have access to a blood pressure monitor, check your readings as soon as possible. While AFib can feel alarming, it is typically not life-threatening if your blood pressure remains stable. If your blood pressure is normal, try to stay calm and avoid panic. At this stage, you have a few options: call emergency services (such as 911), have a family member assist you to a hospital, or—if you have a history of recurring AFib episodes—consider taking a prescribed heart rate control medication like metoprolol (brand name Lopressor or Toprol XL) to help manage symptoms.

3. Seek Immediate Medical Attention if Necessary

If your blood pressure drops significantly or you begin showing signs of shock—such as excessive sweating, extreme fatigue, reduced or no urine output, or confusion—it's critical to seek emergency medical care right away. In such cases, calling emergency services for transport to the ER is essential. Depending on the severity, medical professionals may decide to perform electrical cardioversion to restore your heart's normal rhythm.

Final Thoughts

Knowing how to respond during an AFib episode can make a big difference in managing symptoms and preventing complications. Always follow your doctor's advice regarding medications and emergency protocols. If you experience frequent AFib episodes, consider carrying a medical ID and having a clear action plan in place to ensure quick and effective self-care when needed.