What is Acute Gastroenteritis?

Acute gastroenteritis is a common condition characterized by sudden inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It can be caused by various factors and often leads to uncomfortable symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Below are some of the primary causes associated with this condition.

Bacterial Infections
One of the most frequent causes of acute gastroenteritis is bacterial infection. During warmer months, illnesses like dysentery caused by Shigella or infections due to E. coli are commonly seen. These bacteria can contaminate food and water, especially in environments with poor hygiene.

Viral Infections
Viral infections are another major cause, particularly among children. Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in young children worldwide. Similarly, Norovirus, which is often linked to the consumption of contaminated seafood, can also lead to sudden onset of gastroenteritis. These viruses spread easily through close contact or contaminated surfaces.

Physical and Chemical Irritants
In addition to infectious agents, certain physical and chemical factors can trigger acute gastroenteritis. Consuming large amounts of spicy, irritating foods—such as hot pot—or eating overly cold dishes may irritate the digestive tract and cause inflammation. Other irritants include excessive alcohol consumption or ingestion of contaminated substances.

Understanding these causes can help individuals take preventive measures and seek timely treatment when necessary. Maintaining good hygiene, ensuring food safety, and staying hydrated are key steps in reducing the risk of developing acute gastroenteritis.