Heart Palpitations and Shortness of Breath: What Could Be Causing It?

If you suddenly experience heart palpitations, feel out of breath, or struggle to catch your breath, it could be a sign of an arrhythmia—particularly a type known as tachyarrhythmia. Conditions such as supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), atrial fibrillation, or ventricular tachycardia may be responsible. These involve abnormal electrical activity in the heart that causes it to beat too fast or irregularly, which can lead to noticeable symptoms.

When to Be Concerned About Heart Rhythm Issues

For example, if you're experiencing frequent urination along with these symptoms, atrial fibrillation is a likely possibility. On the other hand, if you also feel lightheaded, dizzy, or have trouble maintaining your balance, this could indicate ventricular tachycardia—a more serious and potentially life-threatening condition. In such cases, immediate medical attention is crucial. It's important to call emergency services (such as 911) or have someone assist you in getting to the nearest hospital as quickly as possible.

Possible Non-Cardiac Causes

Not all episodes of heart palpitations and shortness of breath are due to heart conditions. Sometimes, these symptoms may be related to a panic attack or anxiety episode. In these situations, individuals may feel a racing heartbeat, difficulty breathing, numbness or tingling in the fingers or lips, and even a sense of impending doom. This can occur due to a drop in carbon dioxide levels in the blood caused by rapid breathing, or hyperventilation.

What to Do If You've Had Similar Episodes Before

If you've experienced similar symptoms in the past and were diagnosed with a non-cardiac condition like panic disorder, it may be a recurrence of that issue. However, it's always wise to consult with a healthcare professional to rule out any underlying heart problems, especially if this is a new or worsening symptom. Monitoring your symptoms and understanding their triggers can help both you and your doctor determine the best course of action.