Understanding Ventricular Arrhythmia: Causes, Types, and Treatment Options

Under normal circumstances, the heart's rhythm is regulated by the sinoatrial (SA) node, which generates electrical signals that maintain a steady heartbeat between 60 to 100 beats per minute. This regular rhythm is known as sinus rhythm. However, when these electrical impulses become irregular or originate from areas outside the SA node, it can lead to abnormal heart rhythms, a condition referred to as arrhythmia.

What Defines Ventricular Arrhythmia?

When the irregular heartbeat originates specifically from the ventricles — the lower chambers of the heart — it is classified as ventricular arrhythmia. These types of arrhythmias are relatively common and can be further categorized into two main types: tachyarrhythmias (fast heart rhythms) and bradyarrhythmias (slow heart rhythms).

Types of Ventricular Arrhythmias

Fast ventricular arrhythmias include conditions such as premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular flutter, and ventricular fibrillation (VF). These can lead to serious complications, including sudden cardiac arrest. On the other hand, slow ventricular arrhythmias typically do not occur in isolation. For instance, ventricular escape beats often coexist with severe bradycardia, sinus arrest, or high-grade and complete atrioventricular (AV) block.

Why Ventricular Arrhythmias Are Significant

Compared to atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias are more frequently associated with structural heart disease and can significantly impact a patient's prognosis. In some cases, they can even pose life-threatening risks. Therefore, identifying the underlying cause and initiating timely treatment is crucial.

Potential Causes and Treatments

Some ventricular arrhythmias may be linked to non-cardiac factors such as autonomic nervous system imbalances or hormonal disorders. Conditions like cardiac neurosis, hyperthyroidism, and electrolyte disturbances can contribute to these irregular heartbeats. Once the underlying cause is addressed, the arrhythmia often resolves on its own.

For patients with arrhythmias related to cardiac neurosis or menopause syndrome, integrative approaches including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and lifestyle modifications have shown promising results. A comprehensive, individualized treatment plan can often improve symptoms and restore normal heart rhythm.