Acute Myocardial Infarction: What You Need to Do Immediately

When someone experiences an acute myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, immediate action is crucial. The primary goal of pre-hospital emergency care is to transport the patient to the hospital as quickly as possible for prompt treatment. According to statistics, about 50% of patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction die outside the hospital within the first hour of symptom onset. This highlights the importance of taking immediate action when chest pain occurs.

Call Emergency Services Right Away

The first and most important step is to call emergency medical services immediately. In many regions, dialing 120 connects you to emergency responders who can provide life-saving care on the way to the hospital. Ideally, the patient should be taken to a medical facility equipped to perform interventional procedures, such as angioplasty or stenting, which can restore blood flow to the heart.

Stop All Activity and Rest

Once symptoms appear, the patient must stop all physical activity immediately and remain calm. Resting in a quiet environment can help reduce stress on the heart. If available, oxygen should be administered, and the patient should be kept warm to maintain body temperature and avoid shock.

Adopt a Semi-Reclining Position and Take Nitroglycerin

It is recommended that the patient sit in a semi-upright position, which can help ease breathing and reduce strain on the heart. If prescribed, the patient should place a nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue to help dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart muscle.

Chew Aspirin to Prevent Further Clotting

If acute myocardial infarction is suspected, it is advisable to chew a single adult aspirin (usually 325 mg) right away. Chewing the aspirin allows it to take effect more quickly, helping to prevent further blood clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation. This simple step can significantly improve the patient's chances of survival and prepare the body for more advanced treatment once reaching the hospital.