Posterior Wall Myocardial Infarction Explained

Posterior wall myocardial infarction occurs when the back wall of the heart experiences ischemia and tissue death. This condition typically results from a blockage in the posterior descending artery, which supplies blood to the posterior wall. In some cases, a blockage closer to the origin of the right coronary artery can also affect the posterior wall. Approximately 80% of people receive blood flow to the posterior wall via the right coronary artery, meaning that most posterior wall heart attacks are linked to issues in this vessel.

Understanding the Impact on Heart Function

When a posterior wall myocardial infarction occurs, the effect on cardiac function may not always be severe, especially if the damage is localized. However, if the damage extends beyond the posterior wall to include the right ventricle and the inferior wall, the consequences can be more serious. This combination can lead to right-sided heart failure, which impairs the heart's ability to pump blood effectively.

Potential Complications and Symptoms

Right heart system failure can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, potentially leading to shock. Additionally, inferior and posterior wall heart attacks often come with symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. These signs can sometimes mask the true nature of the condition, making prompt diagnosis more challenging.

Urgency of Medical Treatment

Like myocardial infarctions in other regions of the heart, posterior wall heart attacks pose a serious threat to life and health. Immediate medical attention is crucial. Patients experiencing symptoms should seek emergency care without delay to minimize damage and improve outcomes.