Heart Attack Emergency: What To Do When Every Second Counts

When a heart attack strikes, time becomes the most critical factor. Once a coronary artery becomes blocked, heart muscle damage can begin within approximately 30 minutes, and nearly complete myocardial necrosis may occur within 6 to 8 hours. The earlier the blocked artery is treated, the greater the chances of survival and recovery. Therefore, understanding the correct emergency response is essential for saving lives.

Immediate Steps To Take During A Heart Attack

If you suspect someone is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction, the first priority is to remain calm and act quickly. Immediately call emergency services—such as 911 in the United States or the local emergency number—and clearly explain the situation. Prompt contact with medical professionals is crucial to ensure the patient receives advanced care as soon as possible.

Keep The Patient Stable

One of the most important things you can do is have the person lie down flat on the ground with their legs slightly elevated. Moving the patient should be avoided at all costs, as any unnecessary movement can increase the heart's workload and potentially worsen their condition. Keeping the patient still and calm can significantly improve outcomes.

Administer Appropriate Medication

If the patient has access to a home medical kit, sublingual nitroglycerin can be administered to help widen the blood vessels and improve blood flow. Additionally, a mild sedative such as diazepam (Valium) may be given to help reduce anxiety and keep the patient relaxed. However, these medications should only be used if the patient is not allergic and has a known prescription.

Additional Life-Saving Measures

If available, oxygen therapy should be administered immediately to increase oxygen supply to the heart and reduce the risk of further damage. In the event that the patient experiences cardiac arrest, immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be performed. This includes chest compressions and rescue breaths until professional medical help arrives.

Preparation Makes A Difference

Being prepared for emergencies can make a life-or-death difference. Families with a history of heart disease should consider keeping essential medications on hand and learning basic CPR techniques. Timely action, proper care, and quick access to emergency services are all vital components in improving survival rates during a heart attack.