Early Signs and Symptoms of Coronary Heart Disease

Coronary heart disease (CHD) often presents with subtle symptoms in its early stages, which many people overlook. One of the most common early indicators is discomfort in the chest area during intense physical activity or after exertion. This discomfort may manifest as tightness, pressure, or even mild pain in the chest.

Recognizing the Warning Signals

These symptoms typically appear when the heart is under increased demand, such as during vigorous exercise like running 1500 meters at a fast pace, heavy manual labor at construction sites, or even rushing to catch a bus on a cold morning. The key factor is that these sensations occur during physical strain and tend to subside with rest.

Why These Symptoms Occur

The underlying cause is reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to narrowing or blockage in the coronary arteries. When the body is under stress, the heart requires more oxygen-rich blood, and the restricted arteries can't supply enough, leading to chest discomfort or fatigue.

Diagnostic Procedures for Accurate Detection

If you experience such symptoms, it's important to seek medical evaluation. Two primary diagnostic tools are used to detect coronary heart disease: coronary angiography and coronary CT angiography. Each offers valuable insights, but they serve different purposes in the diagnostic process.

Coronary Angiography – The Gold Standard

Selective coronary angiography remains the most accurate method for diagnosing CHD. This procedure requires hospital admission and involves inserting a catheter through a peripheral artery—most commonly the radial artery in the wrist—guiding it to the opening of the coronary arteries. A contrast dye is then injected, allowing doctors to visualize any blockages or narrowing in the heart's blood vessels using real-time imaging.

Non-Invasive Imaging with CT Angiography

For patients who require a less invasive option, coronary CT angiography provides detailed images of the coronary arteries without the need for catheter insertion. This test is particularly useful for assessing calcium buildup and identifying potential blockages, helping doctors determine the next steps in diagnosis and treatment.

Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial in managing coronary heart disease effectively. Understanding your symptoms and undergoing appropriate testing can significantly improve long-term health outcomes.