Cardiovascular Health and Safe Exercise Options for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

For patients with stable coronary heart disease, engaging in regular, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can be both safe and beneficial. Recommended activities include brisk walking, jogging, low-impact aerobics, swimming, cycling, stair climbing, practicing Tai Chi, Qigong, fishing, and participating in social dancing such as line or square dancing. These forms of movement help improve cardiovascular endurance without placing excessive strain on the heart.

Choosing the Right Type and Intensity of Exercise

It's essential for individuals to tailor their exercise routine based on their personal health condition and physical fitness level. High-intensity or competitive sports should be avoided, as these can cause a sudden spike in heart rate and blood pressure, potentially triggering angina or other cardiac events. Additionally, exercises that involve prolonged breath-holding, such as heavy weightlifting, should be avoided due to the risk of myocardial ischemia and oxygen deprivation, which can lead to angina or even heart attack.

Timing and Precautions

Exercising immediately after a heavy meal is not advisable, as it may increase the workload on the heart. Patients with joint issues or musculoskeletal injuries should consult with a specialist before beginning any exercise program to ensure they choose a safe and appropriate activity.

Monitoring and Responding to Symptoms

During physical activity, individuals should remain attentive to any signs of discomfort such as chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, or fatigue. If symptoms occur, it is important to stop exercising immediately and rest. If symptoms persist, prompt medical attention is advised.

For those experiencing unstable conditions—such as during the acute phase of a heart attack or with unstable angina—physical exercise should be avoided until cleared by a physician. In such cases, activity should begin gradually, often with simple in-bed mobility exercises, and progress under medical supervision to ensure safety and effectiveness.