Coronary Heart Disease: Recognizing the Symptoms in Advanced Stages

Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary artery disease, occurs when the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked due to atherosclerosis. A diagnosis is typically made when the artery's diameter is reduced by more than 50%. At this stage, many individuals may not experience any noticeable symptoms related to heart function.

Progression of Symptoms

As the condition progresses, the blood flow to the heart muscle becomes increasingly restricted, leading to myocardial ischemia. This often results in chest discomfort, pressure, or pain—commonly referred to as angina. These sensations typically occur in the chest area and may radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back.

Triggers and Relief

Many patients report shortness of breath or breathlessness, particularly during physical exertion such as running, brisk walking, or climbing stairs. These symptoms often subside with rest or after taking nitroglycerin, a medication that helps dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart.

Advanced Stage Indicators

Without proper treatment, the condition can worsen over time. In advanced stages of coronary heart disease, symptoms like chest pain and shortness of breath may occur even at rest. This indicates a significant decline in heart function and requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications such as heart attack or heart failure.