Coronary Artery Stent Patients Need To Be Aware Of Drug Side Effects After Surgery

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a prevalent and serious condition that significantly affects patients' quality of life and longevity. Alarmingly, its mortality rate exceeds that of many malignant cancers. While coronary stent implantation has revolutionized the treatment of CHD and greatly improved patient outcomes, long-term medication is necessary after the procedure, which can lead to various side effects.

Common Medications And Their Side Effects After Stent Placement

1. Antiplatelet Drugs

Medications such as aspirin, clopidogrel, and ticagrelor are commonly prescribed to prevent blood clots. The most frequent side effect is bleeding in various parts of the body. Mild cases may present as skin bruising, conjunctival bleeding, nosebleeds, or gum bleeding, which usually do not require specific treatment and can be monitored. Moderate bleeding may involve the gastrointestinal tract or urinary system, which often requires adjustments in medication or additional therapies. The most severe complication is intracranial hemorrhage, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, patients should be closely monitored for any signs of abnormal bleeding.

2. Cholesterol-Lowering Medications

Statins, including atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and pitavastatin, are widely used to manage cholesterol levels and prevent plaque buildup in the arteries. However, they can cause liver and kidney damage, as well as muscle-related complications. In rare cases, severe muscle breakdown (rhabdomyolysis) can occur, which may lead to kidney failure and even death. While statins are generally safe, mild elevations in liver enzymes and muscle enzymes are common. It is recommended to monitor liver and kidney function, as well as muscle enzyme levels, at 1 month, 4 months, and 12 months after starting treatment.

Managing Long-Term Medication After Stent Implantation

Patients with coronary stents must remain vigilant about the potential side effects of their medications. Regular follow-ups and laboratory tests are essential to ensure the continued effectiveness of the drugs while minimizing adverse effects. Proper management helps maintain the patency of the stent and reduces the risk of severe complications from medication. Always consult with a healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan.