What to Do If You Have Gastroenteritis with Vomiting and Diarrhea

If you're experiencing both vomiting and diarrhea due to gastroenteritis, it's essential to seek medical attention promptly. A healthcare provider can perform tests such as a complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) test, and stool analysis to determine the underlying cause—whether it's due to an infectious or non-infectious factor. Here's a breakdown of possible causes and treatments:

1. Infectious Causes:

- Viral Infection: If the cause is viral, antiviral treatment may be necessary depending on the specific virus. Supportive care including hydration and rest is typically emphasized.

- Bacterial Infection: In cases caused by bacteria, antibiotic therapy may be required. Alongside antibiotics, rehydration is crucial to prevent dehydration. Acid-suppressing medications such as lansoprazole, rabeprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, or esomeprazole—and in some cases H2 blockers like ranitidine, nizatidine, or famotidine—may be prescribed to reduce stomach acid and ease gastrointestinal discomfort. Additionally, medications like Smecta (di-tri-octahedral smectite) can help protect the intestinal lining and manage diarrhea symptoms.

2. Non-Infectious Causes:

When gastroenteritis is not caused by an infection, treatment focuses on symptom relief and restoring gut health. Along with fluid replacement and acid suppression, probiotics such as Saccharomyces boulardii, Clostridium butyricum, or Bacillus subtilis may be recommended to support digestive balance. Smecta (montmorillonite) can also be used to soothe the intestines and improve bowel function.

Understanding the root cause of your symptoms is key to effective treatment. Always consult with a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and personalized care.