Treatment Options for Coronary Heart Disease

Coronary heart disease (CHD) can be managed through a variety of approaches, including lifestyle modifications, medication, and medical procedures. The specific treatment plan depends on the severity of the condition and the patient's overall health. Below is a detailed overview of the most common treatment strategies:

Lifestyle Adjustments

Making positive changes to daily habits plays a crucial role in managing coronary heart disease. Patients are encouraged to maintain emotional stability and avoid stressful or highly emotional situations. Getting adequate rest and avoiding physical overexertion is also important.

In addition, quitting smoking and avoiding alcohol consumption are essential for improving heart health. Dietary changes should also be considered to prevent constipation, which can strain the cardiovascular system. In more severe cases, medical support such as electrocardiogram monitoring and supplemental oxygen may be necessary.

Medication Therapy

Treating the Underlying Causes

Medications are often prescribed to address the root causes of CHD. For example, statins are commonly used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce plaque buildup in the arteries. Antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants may also be used to prevent blood clots from forming, which can reduce the risk of heart attacks.

Managing Symptoms

For patients experiencing chest pain (angina), medications such as nitrates and beta-blockers can help reduce the frequency and severity of episodes by improving blood flow and decreasing the heart's workload. These drugs are essential in managing symptoms and improving quality of life for many patients.

Medical Procedures and Devices

In cases where coronary artery blockages are significant, interventional procedures may be required. Coronary angiography is typically used to assess the extent of artery narrowing. If a blockage of less than 75% is identified as clinically significant, stent placement may be recommended to open the artery and restore proper blood flow.

For patients with more severe narrowing—typically above 75%—stent implantation is often the preferred treatment. This minimally invasive procedure can greatly improve heart function and reduce the risk of future cardiac events.